System of control



July 29, 1924. 1,502,831

5. M. KINTNER svswa or comm.

' Filed May 11. 1921 WITNESSES: INVENTOR W i ue/ M M2101 BY f v ATTORNEYPatented July 29, 1924.

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SAMUEL MONTGOMERY KINTIIER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA,'ASSIGNOR, BY

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COM- PANY, ACORPORATION OF LEENNSYLVANIA.

v SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

Application filed May 11, 1921. Serial No. 468,570.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL MONTGOMERY KINTNER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny andState of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inSystems of Control, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to radio telegraphy and more particularly tosignaling systems that may be employed in connection with arc-convertersystems.

One object of my invention is to provide a simple and etlicient meansfor controlling the energy radiated from radio transmission systems inwhich are converters are employed.

Another object of my invention is to provide a signaling system thatcauses an increase in the purity of the radiation from an antennasystem, thereby tending to reduce interference with nearby stations.

Another object of my invention is to pro- I vide an improved radiotransmission system wherein the radiated waves will always have the samewave length, and wherein the oscillating currents flowing through thesource of energy will be substantially constant during the dot-and-dashperiods and during the space periods.

One way to practice my invention is to provide a local oscillatingcircuit which is left continuously oscillating and which is coupled toan aerial radiating circuit, the signals being effected by reducing orinterrupting the currents in the aerial circuit and simultaneouslyinserting a. suilicient resistance in series with'the oscillatingcircuit to counteract for the relief that it would get by removing theradiating circuit.

My invention may best beunderstood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which: i

Fig 1 is a diagrammatic view of circuits and apparatus embodying myinvention, and i Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views showing modifications.

Referring to Fig. 1, I show an are 1 which may be fed by means of adirectcurrent generator 2 through a choking coil 3 and may be suppliedwith blow-out coils 4 of a type well-known in the arts The are. l ismaintained in an oscillatory condition by means of an oscillatorycircuit which is shunted around the arc and which includes therein acondenser 5, an inductance coil 6 and a resistor 7.

A radiating circuit, which is operatively connected to the oscillatorycircuit through coupling coils 6 and 8 respectively, com prises anantenna 9, the coupling coil 8 and aground lead 10. i

A switching device 11 comprises the stationary contact members 12 and 13and the co-acting movable contact member or key 14. The movable contactmember 14 is connected to the ground lead 10 and to one terminal of theresistor 7, thereby grounding the oscillatory circuit at one point. Onestationary contact member 12 is so con nected to the antenna circuit, bymeans of a conductor 15, that, upon actuating the key 14 into engagementwith the stationary contact member 12, a portion 16 of the coupling coil8 is shunted. The remaining stationary contact member 13 is connected tothe ungrounded terminal of the resistor 7, thereby rendering theresistor 7 nonefi'ective upon the actuation of the key 14 intoengagement therewith.-

It will, ofcourse, be understood that any approved form of switchingdevice may be employed to effect the results accomplished by theparticular switching device 11 indicated in the drawings, and that myinvention is not to be limited thereby.

Referring to Fig. 2. the arrangement shown differs from that of Fig. 1in the provision of an auxiliary condenser 17 which may be placed inshunt relation to a portion 18 of the antenna inductance 8, uponactuating the key 14 into engagement with the stationary contact member12. With the key 14 in the position justv mentioned, it is apparent thatthe resistor 7 is rendered effective and that the antenna circuit isrendered non-effective through the simultaneous detuning o-f the antennacircuit and the formation of a parallelresonant circuit therein. Theparallelresonant circuit, which includes the condenser 17, the portion18 of the coupling coil 8 and the key 14, is so adjusted that it isresonant to currents having the same frequency as the currents in thelocal oscillator'y circuit.

. Referring to Fig, 3, the arrangement shown differs from that of thepreceding figures in the inclusion of an auxiliary inductance coil 19 inseries with the resistor 7 in the local oscillatory circuit, and inthepeunanent inclusion, in the antenna circuit, of a parallel-resonantcircuit 21 which is resonant to the high-frequency currents in the localoscillatory circuit when the auxiliary inductance 19 is effective.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1, signaling isaccomplished by caus ing the key 14 to engage, successively, thestationary contact members 12 and 13. Upon actuating the key 14 intoengagement with the stationary contact member 13, re sistor 7 is shuntedto admit of the radiation of energy from the antenna circuit in a mannerwell known to the art. I

Upon actuating the key '14 into engagement with the stationary contactmember 12, the resistor 7 becomes effective to main tain a constantcurrent in the oscillatory circuit which includes the are 1,substantially simultaneously with the detuning of the antenna circuitthrough the shunting of the portion 16 of the antenna in ductance 8.

Thus, it will be seen that, during'the nonsignaling periods,substantially no energy 1s radiated from the antenna circuit.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2, the operation differs from that ofFig. 1- in the introduction of the parallel-resonant circuit in theantenna circuit to further damp the oscillations during thenon-signaling period. Upon interrupting the parallel-resonant circuitand simultaneously shunting the resistor 7, energy is again radiated asin the arrangement shown in Fig. 1.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3, signaling is effected byalternately lnserting and removing the resistor 7 and the auxiliaryinductance device 19 from the 10- cal oscillatory circuit. When the key14 is opened, the frequency of the local oscillating circuit is changedfrom the normal frequency by the additional inductance device 19, andsuch energy as is transferred to the antenna circuit is prevented fromseriously affecting it by the parallel-resonant device 21. Theresistance device 7, as in the previ ously described modifications,serves to compensate for the considerable rise in current which wouldotherwise occur by reason of the removal ofthe load drawn by the antennacircuit. The auxiliary'inductance device 19 need not have a very greatinductance in order to effect a suitable change in frequency toeffectively stop the antenna from pickmg up.

When the key 14 is'closed, the period of the local oscillatory circuitis adjusted in tune with the antenna circuitfan'd the latter thereforeradiates energy. For all frequencies except the critical one-to whichthe parallel resonance device 21 is tuned, the latter will have acomparatively small impedance to currents in the radiating circuit.

The particular advantage of my invention resides in the provision of asimple and efficient signaling system which is 'applicable to any of thewell-known systems for generating high-frequency sustained alternatingcurrents by are convertors or thermionic devices.

While I have shown three embodiments of my invention, it is apparentthat various changes and modifications may be made therein, withoutdeparting-from the spirit and scope of my invention. I desire,therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposed thereon as areindicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a high-frequency transmission system, an oscillatory circuitadapted to produce high-frequency oscillations of a predeterminedfrequency, a correspondingly tuned antenna circuit coupled thereto, saidoscillatory circuit including an impedance, and means adapted tosubstantially simultaneously cause said impedance to become effectiveand said antenna circuit ineffective, and vice versa.

2. In a radio transmission system, the combination with a tunedradiating circuit, an arc, means including a tuned circuit for causingsaid are to oscillate and an impedance associated with said means, ofmeans for causing said impedance to become effective and for renderingsaid radiating circuit substantially non-responsive to the energytraversing said are, and vice versa 3. In an electrical system, anoscillatory circuit adapted to produce sustained oscillating currents, asecond oscillatory circuit tuned to substantially the same frequency andoperatively associated therewith, said firstnamed circuit including animpedance, and means for substantially simultaneously rendering saidsecond oscillatory circuit non-oscillatory and causing said impedance tobecome eifective, and vice versa, to maintain a constant load on saidfirst-named circuit.

4. In a'radio transmission system, a tuned oscillatory circuit havingsustained oscillating currents therein, a radiating circuit 0perativelyassociated therewith, said oscillatory circuit including anenergy-consuming device, and means for rendering said radiating circuitnon-radiating and for causing said energy-consuming device to become'efiective, and vice versa, to maintain a "substantially constantcurrent in said oscillatory circuit.

5. In'a radio transmission system, an osfcillatory circuit havingsustained ."os'cillatmg'currents therein, a radiating circuit'o'peratively associated therewith, said oscillatory circuit includingan impedance, and means for forming a parallel-resonant circuit in saidradiating circuit and for sub stantially simultaneously causin saidimpedance to become effective and vice versa, to maintain a constantload in said oscillatory circuit.

6. In a radio transmission system, an oscillatory circuit havingsustained oscillating currents therein, a radiating circuit operativelyassociated therewith, said oscillatory circuit including an impedance,and means for forming a parallel-resonant circuit in said radiatingcircuit and for substantially simultaneously causing said impedance tobecome effective, and vice versa, to maintain currents of constantamplitude in said oscillatory circuit at all times.

7 In a radio transmission system, an oscillatory circuit havingsustained oscillating currents of substantially constant frequencytherein, a radiating circuit operatively associated therewith, saidoscillatory circuit including an impedance, and means for detuning saidradiating circuit and substantially simultaneously causing saidimpedance to become effective, and Vice versa.

8. In a radio transmission system, an oscillatory circuit havingsustained oscillating currents therein, a radiating circuit operativelyassociated therewith, and means for substantially simultaneouslyaltering the constants of both of said circuits while maintaining theintensity and frequency of the oscillations in said oscillatory circuitsubstantially constant during the signaling and non-signaling periods.

9. In a high-frequency transmission system, an antenna circuit, anoscillatory circuit coupled thereto and adapted to producehigh-frequency oscillations having an approximately constant frequencyunder all conditions of operation, said oscillatory circuit includingtherein an energy-consuming device, and a circuit-changing device forcausing said energy-consuming device to become either effective ornon-effective and for substantially simultaneously causing said antennacircuit to become either detuned or tuned, respectively, with respect tothe frequency of said oscillatory circuit.

10. In a high-frequency transmission system, an antenna circuit, anoscillatory circuit coupled thereto and adapted to producehigh-frequency oscillations having an approximately constant frequencyunder all conditions of operation, said oscillating circuit includingtherein an impedance, and a manually operable circuit changing devicefor causing said impedance to become either effective or non-efiectiveand for substantially coincidentally causing said radiating circuit tobecome either detuned or tuned respectively with respect to thefrequency of said oscillatory circuit.

11. I11 a high-frequency transmission system, the combination with anoscillatory circuit adapted'to be energized by a source of oscillatorycurrents, of a radiating circuit coupled thereto, said radiating circuitincluding an inductance coil and said oscillating circuit including anenergy-consuming device, an auxiliary condenser, and means for, at willeither close-circuiting said energy-consuming device to render the samenon-efiective, or rendering said energy-consuming device effective andsubstantially simultaneously close-circuiting a portion of saidinductance coil through said auxiliary condenser, said condenser andcoil-portion forming a parallel-resonant circuit.

12. In a wireless transmission system, an.

are, a circuit shunted around said are and including a resistor, oneterminal of said resistor being grounded, a radiating circuitoperatively associated. with said first-named circuit, and acircuit'changing device comprising a movable grounded switch-arm and twonormally stationary contact members connected respectively to saidradiating circuit, and to the ungrounded terminal of said resistor.

13. In a wireless transmission system, an arc, an oscillatory circuitshunted around said arc and including a resistor, a radiating circuitoperatively associated with said oscillatory circuit and means includinga two-point switching device operable in one position to render saidresistor non-eflective, and operable in the other position to cause saidresistor to become effective to detune said radiating circuit and toform a parallel-resonant circuit in series with the latter.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 25th dayof April, 1921.

SAMUEL MONTGOMERY KINTNER.

